![]() Commercial fishing, especially tuna, is also significant. Other products include cocoa, cattle, and dairy products. Macadamia nuts, papayas, greenhouse vegetables, and coffee are also important. Sugarcane and pineapples, grown chiefly on large company-owned plantations, are the major agricultural products and the basis of the islands’ principal industry, food processing. territory, were excluded when statehood was achieved. Palmyra atoll and Kingman Reef, which were within the boundaries of Hawaii when it was a U.S. Most of islets are encompassed in the Hawaiian Island National Wildlife Refuge the surrounding waters and coral reefs are in the vast 84-million-acre (34-million-hectare) Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Reserve. The Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, consisting of uninhabited islets and excluding Midway, stretch more than 1,100 mi (1,800 km) from Nihoa to Kure. The other principal islands are Kahoolawe, Kauai, Lanai, Maui, Molokai, and Niihau. The Big Island of Hawaii is the largest and geologically the youngest island of the group, and Oahu, where the capital of Honolulu is located, is the most populous and economically important. The Hawaiian Islands are of volcanic origin and are edged with coral reefs. An unusual black-sand beach lies on the southeast coast. The north and northeast coasts are rugged with high cliffs the west and south coasts are generally low, with some good bathing beaches. Lava flows, some of which reach the sea, and volcanic ash cover parts of the island. Geologically the youngest of the Hawaiian group, the Big Island of Hawaii is made up of three volcanic mountain masses rising from the floor of the Pacific Ocean – Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, and Hualalai. Hawaii is the 50th state of the United States, comprising a group of eight major islands and numerous islets in the central Pacific Ocean.
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